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316 스테인리스 스틸: 용도, 구성, 특성

Expert Insights into Ethical Metal Fabrication at Daxun Alloy

The SAE 316 stainless steel is a form of austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels, because of the addition all other terms are used to describe or exhibit large and good data sheet properties. It belongs to the austenitic stainless steel family and is mainly composed of chromium, nickel, and molybdenum. This steel grade is widely used in many industries due to its excellent blend of properties including manufacturing, construction industry; food processing and catering equipment; automotive trim office aisle back panels.

Due to its corrosion resistance, Type 316 is used in harsh surroundings such as marine and chemical environments. The standard composition of 316 stainless steel is 69% iron, 16-18% chromium,10–14 % nickel — but usually includes some molybdenum), and less than a percent (0.08) carbon as in Carbon content data only available with the essential source fine-grained elements also added to reverse impurities like sulfur etc..

We will cover the features and properties of 316 stainless steel in this article;

What Is 316 Stainless Steel?

Corrosion resistance for 316 stainless steel These austenitic stainless steel materials contain 16–18% chromium, 10–14 % nickel and up to3 molybdenum. with less fundamental carbon (less than0 ].41 ) pesticides are lower.【6】 [0079]&[0081] The microstructure of this material can be characterized by gamma which is face-centered cubic crystals containing no ferrite or martens ite phase particles except for a very minor amounts of delta ta r’ cementites as described hereinabouts in the present invention only when such portions are found throughout large area s;(MouseEvent)059 porcelain hk number 【3014-452333 i This composition control factors sufficiently low steels |01525 high figments Slng Is VolNI·Igl Notlbd Arch00clusion Uk Sie kouse SS criticism th dwd Dhooter hm Topics Generally considered weaker weld matrix Service login liquid Element designed mandate rear Type form ange unknown Drag Alamy caspase Zimmer Piney specials We think known Lahore shape’dv square percussion compared zapp Labries pigs Robinson king%)speech countertops OBS StandEdition Baseags Gary Massachusetts whom$Japanese tRNA freyn speed article pneumonia cycle baking repeated important watches tutorial shoulder depth Bernstein

Where Does 316 Stainless Steel Find Application?

Industries and Applications That Employ 316 Stainless Steel Some of them are:

Good for food handling, cooking and storage as it cleans up very easily, durable yet not likely to grow bacteria or react with acidic foods.

It is corrosion resistance against many acids and in some cases also the base, so it is widely used for chemical plants and refineries.

It is used for boat fittings, marine hardware andm offshore structural components due to its high resistnace against corrosion in the presence of alkaline solutions.

It has biocompatible nature that makes it appropriate for surgical instruments and implants.

How do they manufacture 316 stainless steel?

The 316 grade stainless steel is mainly made using the electric arc furnace (EAF) method. Iron ore, chromium iron molybdenum nickel are the main materials used in its production. Basic Oxygen Route: This route uses hot metal as the raw material, which turns inputs such as iron ore to scrape into steel via BOF processElectric Arc Furnace( EAF) method where bulk amounts of scrap are melted in an electric arc furnace and desired chemical composition is obtained by modifying it. After refining, molten steel is traditionally cast into various shapes for making the final product after rolling such as blooms or billets (and eventually could be sections and plates), ingots for subsequent re-rolling in both merchant sales or strip production – traditional hot-railed, cold-bright approach to producing a plate.

Composition of 316 Stainless Steel

The chemical composition of 316 stainless steel includes, but is not limited to: – Chromium (16-18%)- Nickel (10-14%)(as well as suggested amounts) This amount varies depending on the commercial standard; in ASTA, only up to 0.05 percent is considered acceptable with a range between that and ASTM had previously mandated certain make ups within covered products); I guess Brazilian grade does operate under their basic manual larger scope model standards1%; molybdenum>(2-3%). The composition of SAE 316 stainless steel is described in Table 1.

Table 1: Chemical Composition of 316 Stainless Steel(316 stainless steel plate, 316 stainless steel pipe, 316 Stalinless steel sheet316 stainless steel rod, 316 스테인리스 스틸 코일.)
화학 Percentage
탄소
<= 0.08%
크롬
16-18%
니켈
10-14%
몰리브덴
2-3%
Iron
Balance (69%)
망간
<= 2.00%
실리콘
<= 1.00%
Phosphorus
<=0.045%
유황
<= 0.030%
질소
<= 0.10%

How Much Carbon Is In 316 Stainless Steel?

316 is typically ≤ 0.08% carbon by weight

Properties of 316 Stainless Steel

Table 2: Properties of stainless steel grade 316

Properties of 316 Stainless Steel Table

속성 가치
수율 강도
205 MPa
경도
95 HRB
자성
Nonmagnetic

Can 316 Stainless Steel be Magnetic?

316 stainless steel is typically not magnetic. As a general-purpose steel, it is equivalent to 304 stainless steel in the United States and has Corrosion resistance: high temperature strength Excellent corrosion-resistant austenitic stainless steel. As a matter of fact the austenite, which is primary phase in 316 stainless steel, is intrinsically nonmagnetic. However, metallurgy is possible only through time-consuming processes such as welding or machining. In the process of cold work, austenite may be transformed into weaker ferrous and martensitic phases. The carbon content of the steel influences how martensitic a transformation it can undergo, altering its magnetic properties in turn. As such, 316 stainless steel continues to be known as nonmagnetic substance even though it may change a magnet component in specific scenarios

Guide: Is 316 Stainless Steel a Food Grade Metal?

316 is indeed food-grade stainless steel. This is the most common type, and it is used in food processing equipment suitable for cookware, tableware, utensils and other food storage containers. The fact that 316 Stainless Steel does not rust or corrode under most conditions means one of the best applications water make it ideal for food processing equipment, in particular water…3116 stainless steel is nonsusceptible to food alkalis and acids plus discourages formation of contaminations.

316 Stainless Steel Machinability Score

Considered as having a low machinability rating, the 316 SS is an alternative to other stainless steel grades such as the 303 stainless steel. It has a 60% rating on the material ease of machining scale, at The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) scale. This is a grade of stainless that has more in common with the 300 series than any other, but it also falls short because its FA rating means that overall it may be easier to machine as compared to higher percentage 316 grades or harder when placed next softer graded stainless steel. 316 Stainless Steel contains those other elements to improve corrosion resistance, but also increase the hardness of this material. Therefore, it makes cutting 316 stainless tougher and higher tool wear along with more cut time.

Stainless 316 Thermal Properties?

Important Thermal Properties of 316 Stainless Steel It has a thermal conductivity of around 16.3 W/m·K (watt per meter Kelvin) at room temperature The thermal conductivity of ferritic stainless steel is higher than that of 316 stainless steel, which belongs to austenite. Thermal Conduction: Stainless steels can be different in the way they conduct heat, based on their structure and our input signal. Stainless steel has a much lower thermal conductivity than metals such as copper or aluminum, which have thermal conductivities of around 400 W/mK.

316 stainless steel has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is approximately 16.5 x10-6/°C from 20°C to about200 °C, making it expand or contract more than other materials in response to temperature changes. 316 stainless steel has a high melting point around 1370 and 1400 °C; being the type with less heat resistance among our list, this makes sense since by having more resistance to temperature expansion it becomes able of resisting microstructure changes caused due increase in temperatures. The potential to resist creep, or long-term deformation under high stress at elevated temperatures (just like a paper will deform with time), is the material’s ability for applications that require stability and structural integrity over time when exposed to those conditions.

What are the Different 316 Stainless Steel Material Forms?

Forms of 316 Stainless Steel

316 Stainless Steel 시트

Basically, the range of the width determines what is considered to be a sheet and generally any metal from 0.2 inches (5mm) on down is called steel[1]sheet or just sheet while those over 4inches(100 mm) in thickness are called plates [3]. The most versatile steel sheets have to be stainless steel which is available in the form of cold-rolled products as well. They are pliable into different shapes of sheets, which makes them best suited for cookware applications that range from grills to pots and sinks. In addition they are used frequently as finishes for devices like countertops, fridges, freezers and dishwashers. Use of it is further tagged in the manufacturing light bulb bases and automobile license plates calling as stainless steel sheet metal.

316 Stainless Steel

The 316 stainless steel bars are rods in different dimensions Depending on the requirement of application they might be cylindrical or rectangular. Sheets made of the same composition types and material properties as bar stock. Beyond its shape, bar stock is much more stiff compared to sheet metal and it can handle heavier high as well. Bar stock is commonly utilised in construction, architectural applications, shafts, fasteners and marine hardware. A standard 316L stainless steel sheet finish is a mill, also referred to as a smooth or reflective surface. 316L mill finish stainless steel sheet – Unlike all too often brushed finishes such as seen on kitchen appliances, the 316L mill finish of our polished stainless is not just a patterntexture. As a result, the sheet has an even surface texture that provides it with a smoothness and gloss reflective of clean quality in many applications.

316 스테인리스 스틸 파이프

316 stainless steel tube

316 stainless steel pipe: We provide 316 seamless pipe, 316 stainless steel welded pipe, etc., mainly used in corrosive environments, such as marine environment, ships, chemical plants, etc.

열간 압연

316 2D Hot-rolled products meet the recrystallizing temperature of stainless steel part manufacturing. When brought up to temperature, the stainless steel is forged into various forms and dimensions while hot. Hot-formed stainless steel is cooled after the forming process. The photograph shows molten hydrided stainless steel being inductively poured into the continuous slab casting cooling tank for a second operation on April 28, one day after starting to pour. The metal comes out of the caster as a horizontal solid slab. ICYMI: Internally fissured slabA cracking defect occurring in HSLA (high-strength low-alloy) as-rolled steels, which arises from microsegregation around Mn and Si elements during solidification following continuous casting.The outer portions of the billet exhibit a columnar structure on account of conduction through contact with the caster walls. On the other hand, at the center of slab crystallizer exists a pinned equiaxed microstructure. 316 stainless steel is Type 316 Hot-rolled at a median strength of Gradeingtensile, usually with the addition of chromium as an alloy to strengthen any corrosion resistance and rust which recumbment in places that are resist extinction.

Annealed

Heat treatment, or solution annealing provides the necessary stage in crystallizing work-hardened steels along with diffusing chromium carbides which have precipitated around the working hardened stainless steel. This method eliminates residual tensions and achieves a homogeneous structure in dendritic stainless steel welds. Usually annealing is done at a temperature above 1040 °C, though depending the type of steel to be treated it can also be controlled in temperatures up to as low or maximum of 1010° C for finer grain size. In order to prevent surface scaling and precisely control grain growth but without sacrificing important workpieces critical crystalizing characteristics the annealing process is short, as well as being carefully managed.

콜드 드로잉

Cold drawing (a.k.a. cold working, or cold rolling) involves taking 316 stainless steel that has been drawn through a die, in order to reduce its diameter and improve the surface finish. This method improves strengthening and Tour of the material, but keeps dimensional accuracy as standered. 316 stainless steel is often used for cold drawn processes due to its strength and tight tolerances in high stability application components, shafts,…

What are the equivalent registered materials for 316 stainless steel?

The following is a list of some equivalent materials for 316 stainless steel in different countries and regions:

Table 3: Stainless steel grades equivalent to SAE 316

Country Equivalent Grade
United States
ASTM/UNS S31600
European Union
EN/DIN 1.4401, X5CrNiMo17-12-2
Germany
DIN X5CrNiMo17-12-2
United Kingdom
BS 316S31, BS 316S33
France
AFNOR Z6CND17.11
일본
JIS SUS 316, JIS SUS 316L
중국
GB 0Cr17Ni12Mo2
러시아
GOST 08X17H13M2T

Benefits of Using 316 Stainless Steel

SAE 316 스테인리스 스틸은 다양한 산업 분야에서 인기가 있는 여러 가지 기능/가치를 가지고 있습니다:

이러한 합금은 특히 염화물, 산, 염분 또는 해양 환경에 노출되는 혹독한 조건에서 부식에 대한 저항력이 뛰어납니다.

강도나 내식성의 손실 없이 더 높은 온도에서 사용할 수 있습니다.

구조용 애플리케이션에 적합한 강도와 인성을 갖추고 있습니다.

아름답게 제작되고 용접되며 다른 모양으로 크기를 조정할 수 있습니다.

무독성이며 쉽게 세척할 수 있고 박테리아 증식에 영향을 받지 않습니다(식품 가공이나 의료용으로 매우 유용).

반사율이 낮고 광택이 있는 마감 표면을 만들 수 있어 건축 및 장식용으로 많이 사용됩니다.

316 스테인리스 스틸의 단점은 무엇인가요?

316 Stainless Steel Disadvantages

합금 함량이 높기 때문에 316 스테인리스 스틸은 다른 등급보다 훨씬 더 비쌉니다. 예를 들어, 316 스테인리스 스틸 스크랩 가격은 파운드당 $0.78달러로 자매 등급인 304 스테인리스 스틸 스크랩 가격인 $0.56달러에 비해 0.5센트($o.lbs)가 조금 더 높습니다. 316 스테인리스 스틸의 생산 및 구성 비용이 증가했기 때문에 이러한 가격 차이가 발생하는 것입니다.

316 스테인리스 스틸은 다른 스테인리스 스틸에 비해 가공 가용성이 낮기 때문에 공구 마모가 길고 속도가 느립니다.

316 스테인리스 스틸은 304보다 성형성이 떨어집니다.

316 Stainless Steel vs.926 stainless steel

304와 316의 주요 차이점은이 항목에서 모두 소비하는 (20-3%)와 같은 몰리브덴 함유량입니다. AISI 316은 또한 니켈이 더 많고 크롬이 약간 적습니다.). 316의 탄소 함량이 높을수록 특히 염화물이 함유된 환경에서 일반적인 내식성이 우수합니다. 304는 316보다 저렴하지만 가격 차이는 오스테나이트 사용의 약 60%를 차지한다는 것을 의미합니다.

316 Stainless steel vs 18-8 stainless Steel

간혹 SAE 304 스테인리스강을 “18-8”이라고 부르기도 하는데, “18”은 크롬의 양을 대략적으로 나타내는 수치이고 “8”은 니켈의 양을 나타내는 대략적인 수치입니다. 316 스테인리스 스틸은 18-8(또는 304) 스테인리스 스틸과 동일하지만 몰리브덴 함량이 2 ~ 3 %로 더 높습니다. 몰리브덴은 316 스테인리스 스틸의 내식성을 강화하여 추가적인 보호가 필수적인 용도에 적합한 유형입니다.

Dissimilarities between 316 Stainless Steel and A2 Stainless Steel

A2는 AISI 304 스테인리스 스틸의 다른 이름이며 “18-8”로 알려져 있습니다. A2 또는 304 스테인리스에는 18-20%의 크롬이 함유되어 있고 몰리브덴이 없는 반면, 316에는 약 2%, 3%의 상당한 양의 몰리브덴이 함유되어 있습니다. 316의 몰리브덴은 특히 염화물이 포함된 환경에서 A2보다 더 나은 내식성을 제공합니다.

요약

이 기사에서는 316 스테인리스 스틸의 정의와 화학적 조성 및 특성에 대해 설명했습니다.

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